Types of Criminal Litigations in Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 is considered as the fundamental procedure of criminal litigation. Apart from the or different Tribunals the criminal litigations are of 4 (four) categories those are –

1. Complaint Register Case (CR Case)
2. General Register Case or ( GR Case)
3. Non-FIR Case or (Non GR Case)
4. Unnatural Death Case (UD. Case)

• Complaint Register Case (CR Case):
  When a case is initiated on the basis of a complaint, it is called complaint case and such a case is registered in the complaint register and for this reason such a case is also known as complaint register Case (CR Case). The Magistrate takes cognizance in a CR Case under section 190 of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1898.

• General Register Case (GR Case)/ FIR Case:
  When a case is lodged on the basis of an information of cognizable offence to the Police station under section 154 of the code of criminal procedure, 1898 it is called General Register Case (GR Case) or FIR Case. This is also called Police Case as it is to be filed in the Police Station through FIR (First Information report)/ Ejahar and such a case is revered in a General Register of Police Station.

• Non-GR Case/ Non-FIR Case:
  A case is lodged on the basis of an information of non-cognizable offence to the police station under section 155 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 is called Non-GR Case or Non-FIR Case. This is also a Police Case as it is to be filed in the Police Station though GD (General Diary)/ Information and such a case is recorded in a Non-GR Reregister of Police Station. After that the Officer in Charge of the Police Station shall forward the information to the competent Magistrate for further necessary action.

• Unnatural Death Case/UD Case:
  When a first information is received by the Officer-in-charge of a Police station or such other officer empowered by the government about commission of suicide or someone has been killed by another or by an animal or by an accident or has died under circumstances raising reasonable suspicion that Police Officer will record the information in the B.P Form No.48 and also proceed the Unnatural Death Case (UD Case) under section 174 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 and rule 299 of the Police Regulations of Bengal, 1943. After that the Officer in Charge of that Police Station shall forward the information to the nearest Executive Magistrate for further necessary legal action. The first information of an UD Case is not an FIR.